As India embarks on the world’s largest democratic exercise, Prime Minister Narendra Modi seeks to extend his leadership for another term, leveraging a decade of governance underscored by significant economic growth and support from the Hindu majority. However, Modi faces challenges from a coalition of opposition parties united under the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA), spearheaded by the Indian National Congress (INC).
The INC, India’s oldest political party, has been a central player in Indian politics since independence in 1947. Despite suffering significant setbacks in recent elections, including a decisive loss in 2014 followed by another in 2019, the party remains a key contender. Rahul Gandhi, despite resigning as the party leader post-2019 election losses, continues to be a prominent campaigner and critic of Modi.
Another significant opposition figure is Arvind Kejriwal, the Delhi chief minister and leader of the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP), which emerged from an anti-corruption movement in 2011. Kejriwal’s political journey has been marked by his critical stance against Modi, although his recent arrest over allegations of corruption related to Delhi’s alcohol policy has dampened his campaign efforts.
In the south, the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), a strong regional force led by MK Stalin, aligns with the INC. The DMK boasts impressive governance metrics in Tamil Nadu, such as a low poverty rate and high literacy, enhancing its appeal.
Additionally, the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC), led by Mamata Banerjee in West Bengal, joins the fray as a reluctant but strategic ally of the INC. The TMC holds significant sway in the eastern state, with prominent members like Mahua Moitra, who has faced her own controversies.
Together, these parties and leaders form a multifaceted opposition, aiming to challenge Modi’s dominance in Indian politics. However, their path is fraught with internal challenges and external pressures, including alleged intimidation and legal hurdles imposed by the ruling party. As India votes, the outcome will not only decide its immediate political future but also define the resilience and effectiveness of its democratic processes.