A new opinion essay by analyst Manoj Joshi argues that India has reached a critical crossroads in foreign policy, where the long-used phrase “strategic autonomy” must become real policy rather than diplomatic rhetoric.
The article contends that India’s room for independent decision-making has narrowed in recent years, particularly in areas such as energy imports, defence procurement, and relations with countries like Russia and Iran.
Energy Security Under Pressure
One of the strongest examples cited is India’s changing oil imports from Russia.
According to the analysis, India sharply reduced purchases of discounted Russian crude after pressure and tariff measures from the United States, only to increase buying again when temporary waivers were later granted.
The author argues this shows that outside powers are increasingly influencing India’s sovereign energy choices.
He also warns that instability around the Strait of Hormuz and broader Middle East tensions could place India in a vulnerable position if external actors determine where it can source energy.
Defence Ties With Russia
The piece also highlights India’s continued defence relationship with Russia, including systems such as the S-400, BrahMos, fighter aircraft, tanks, submarines, and other strategic programs.
It argues that despite American sanctions threats under laws such as CAATSA, India has continued major defence cooperation with Moscow.
The writer sees this as evidence that India still has leverage — if it chooses to use it clearly and confidently.
The U.S. Relationship: Valuable but Unequal?
While acknowledging that ties with Washington have brought technology access, defence cooperation, and greater geopolitical weight, the essay says the relationship also contains structural imbalances.
It points to tariffs, sanctions threats, and pressure over independent policy choices as signs that India must define firm red lines.
The argument is not anti-American, the author says, but rooted in sovereign equality.
What the Author Says India Should Do
The article calls for India to clearly state that certain decisions are non-negotiable, including:
- Energy sourcing
- Defence procurement
- Bilateral ties with third countries
- Long-term strategic infrastructure projects
It also urges stronger domestic capabilities through:
- Expanded strategic petroleum reserves
- Indigenous defence manufacturing under Atmanirbhar Bharat
- Development of the International North-South Transport Corridor
- Continued investment in Chabahar Port
Bigger Debate
The article reflects a wider debate in India about how to navigate great-power competition while preserving independent national interests.
As global tensions rise and alliances become more transactional, the central question is whether India can remain balanced — or whether it must become more explicit, assertive, and self-reliant in defending its strategic choices.