The growing popularity of GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic and Wegovy has prompted Health Canada to issue a warning about the risks posed by unauthorized and counterfeit drugs.
In a public advisory released Jan. 21, Health Canada said it has identified various retailers selling unauthorized GLP-1 products both online and in physical stores across Canada. Consumers are being urged to purchase prescription medications only from licensed pharmacies and to avoid using unauthorized versions of drugs containing semaglutide or tirzepatide.
Health Canada said it is actively monitoring the marketplace, seizing illegal products and issuing compliance and warning letters. The department is also working with the Canada Border Services Agency to prevent unauthorized shipments from entering the country.
Officials warned that the rising demand for drugs used to treat obesity and diabetes has led some consumers to seek out unapproved alternatives. These products, which may be injectable or taken orally, have not been reviewed by Health Canada for safety, effectiveness or quality and could pose serious health risks.
According to the agency, fake or unauthorized drugs may contain incorrect doses, no active ingredient at all, or harmful contaminants such as heavy metals, bacteria or other foreign materials. Improper labelling, unsafe storage and lack of sterility — particularly in injectable products — can increase the risk of infection, allergic reactions and other serious complications.
Health Canada stressed that prescription drugs should be used only under the supervision of a health-care professional to avoid dangerous drug interactions and adverse effects.
Consumers are advised to check that prescription drugs carry an eight-digit Drug Identification Number (DIN) and to verify products using Health Canada’s Drug Product Database. The agency also warned that fraudulent websites and social media ads may misuse Health Canada logos or claim false endorsements, noting that the department never endorses health products.
Health Canada encouraged Canadians to report any adverse reactions, counterfeit products or concerns related to drugs and health products directly to the agency.